My hobby, seo!
First of all, you are listed (11 of your pages).
whenever you want to know if a site is in the Google index at all, in the Google search box type:
site:mydomain.com
In your case "site:www.stferdinand.org" or "site:stferdinand.org" gave results so proves you are in there (you have been spidered).
Typing "link:www.stferdinand.org" (fallible, not necessarily covering all incoming links, but an indication nontheless) shows there are no links to the site indexed in Google, this is not good, Google will rank higher sites that people link to (this is the story about Google "Page Rank", read up on that).
Being a new listing, Google is slow to consider you for a good ranking (read up on the "Google sandbox" incidence) although you can give that a boost by linking from authoritative older sites.
You also have lots of competition for your search terms. There is another site "www.saintferdinand.org", and in general "saint ferdinand" and "catholic church" are very common search words.
Your best bet is to feature your location strongly, so people looking for a catholic church in missouri or florissant area or anything at all in florissant or missouri, will find the church through those keywords (which is what you want, not people looking for a "catholic" or "saint ferdinand" in timbouktu or keywest. To do this make sure the location appears complete in the title, and near the top of the content preferably in bold or with h1/h2 tag, and appears even several times in the text, so that Google will index your page strongly on the location. At the moment you have only one incidence of "Florissant" and "Missouri" in small type at the very bottom of the page, a mention of "Florissant" and "MO" in the title, and that's all. Force in some text, any excuse to fit in those vital keywords.
Also, consider further how people would find the site (and what keywords you offer Google to index your site). The keyword "Saint Ferdinand", appears only in the title, nowhere in the text. The keywords "St Ferdinand" appears nowhere, and "St. Ferdinand Parish" only once in small print at the bottom, but at least "St. Ferdinand" appears 7 times. Keywords in images are wasted, you should at least make an "alt" text for them.
So what keywords can people use to find the site and Google can use to index it? Think about that.
Another problem, is theme concentration. On your main page there are emphasized links to a golf tournamount, and St Louis' best fish fry (representing 1/3 of your main entry page content). You are not helping Google determine what this website is all about.
In summary, your main entry page needs relevant keywords and clear focus. Make a list for yourself on the main keywords you want to be found for, and ensure they are frequent and strong in your content and "alt" tags. Also, get other sites to link to it with a good anchor text (good=useful keywords).
Btw, otherwise well done site! compliments!
Nothing wrong with your robots.txt.
The issue of "www" or not is a long story (possible problems with duplicate content in Google depending on how you structure your website and server), but not an issue as you encountered it, don't worry about it.
hth