Collin,
It looks like you uploaded the binaries for libiconv from another server. The problem with doing that is when they were installed they were linked against a whole lot of other libraries that you don't have (e.g. x11 related libraries, which is used for the xfree86 or x.org). This includes a version of glibc, the standard C library, which is newer than the one found in your VPS.
You'll need to remove the library files you manually uploaded and install them properly. To get a libiconv properly installed try reinstalling the GNU Compiler Collection site app (I've found it to be a bit buggy sometimes) and installing the most recent version of PHP 4.x or PHP 5.x in your VPS. If it still doesn't work then send me the output from the commands I posted earlier and we can figure it out from there :).